Theses and Dissertations

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    ItemOpen Access
    Schema based indexing for namespace mapping of raw sparql and summarization of lod
    (Dhirubhai Ambani Institute of Information and Communication Technology, 2015) Hapani, Hitesh; Jat, P. M.
    Linked open data(LOD) in Semantic Web is growing day by day. There are datasets available that can be used in different application. However, identifying useful dataset from cloud, determining the quality and obtaining inductive information from dataset are all tasks that require to be addressed. The more traffic on LOD increases, the more difficult it will become to identify useful dataset. The reason behind this problem is that there is no useful summary available about datasets. While querying any dataset through endpoint, The most cumbersome part is remembering URIs for resources. There is no known interface that provides URIs for the user terms. There are some standard available for providing summary and metadata about datasets. But till now no standard is available that is universally accepted. Index structure proposed in this thesis gives a schema level information about any dataset and provides URI information for dataset. This index structure has been successfully implemented on local dataset server and remote dataset server in this thesis.
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    ItemOpen Access
    Negotiation for resource allocation on infrastructure as a service cloud
    (Dhirubhai Ambani Institute of Information and Communication Technology, 2010) Akhani, Janki; Divakaran, Srikrishnan
    The Cloud is a computing platform that provides dynamic resource pools, virtualization, and high availability. Cloud computing infrastructures can allow enterprises to achieve more efficient use of their IT hardware and software investments. Infrastructure As A Service (IAAS) cloud providers manage a large set of computing resources. These resources can be provided to cloud consumers on demand in the form of virtual machines. Cloud consumers do not need to manage resources and be worried about the performance issues because they are handled by cloud providers. Open Nebula is an open source cloud toolkit which can be used to setup an IAAS cloud. It has three components: Open Nebula Core, Virtual Machine Scheduler and Cloud Drivers. Haizea is an open-source resource lease manager, and can act as a virtual machine scheduler for Open Nebula or used on its own as a simulator to evaluate the performance of different scheduling strategies. Haizea supports four kinds of resource allocation policies: immediate, best-effort, advance reservation and deadline sensitive. To reserve resources in advance using Haizea, consumer submits parameters like amount of resources, start time and duration of a reservation as a request. If one or more parameters can not be satisfied, then Haizea will reject the request. This method is very rigid method because it does not allow negotiation of any parameter. Consumer can resubmit new requests by modifying previously submitted request parameters. Consumer will not be aware of the current resource allocation on provider side so, the chances of new requests getting rejected are more. Thus, it will increase communication overhead between cloud provider and consumer as well as it will decrease resource utilization on provider’s side. It will also degrade the performance of a provider in managing many incoming requests due to previously rejected ones. To overcome the above problems, negotiation can be provided. Negotiation process consists of three components which are negotiation protocol, negotiation objectives and agents’ decision making algorithm. The proposed algorithm to generate set of counter offers is a part of decision making model at provider side. It provides set of counter offers to consumer when his advance reservation request gets rejected. It provides set of counter offers considering parameters’ flexibilities to maximize the chances of their acceptance. The proposed algorithm for User selection policy is a part of decision making model at consumer side. Consumer can get best suitable offer from set of counter offers using the algorithm of user selection policy. Ranking algorithm is a partof algorithm for user selection policy. Using this ranking algorithm, consumers will get suitable offers sorted according to their needs. It will reduce consumers’ efforts to go through all the provided counter offers and choose best suitable one. These algorithms are implemented in Haizea. Experiments are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of algorithms. The results show that the proposed algorithm to generate counter offers maximizes resource utilization and acceptance of requests compared to rigid and exact methods.
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    ItemOpen Access
    Dynamic information management methodology with situation awareness capability
    (Dhirubhai Ambani Institute of Information and Communication Technology, 2008) Sorathia, Vikram; Chaudhary, Sanjay; Maitra, Anutosh
    In present world, information generation, handling and utilization is deeply integrated with various activities. From entertainment to serious professional activities, information content is managed in some ways. Appropriate information content is beneficial and sometimes becomes critical to life, business or the environment that supports them. Handling of information is therefore increasingly perceived as integral part of the activities. Systematic approach for handling information by individuals and organization is known as “information management”. A common approach towards information management is limited to recording and retrieval of data pertinent to various human activities or environmental processes. The resulting system acts as a computerized log of human activity transactions or phenomena recorded in natural environment. Systems supporting information management are defined based on project specific requirements with limited scope. The project-oriented or mission-specific engineering approaches employed in designing such systems also restrict the scope of supported information management activities. It is important to realize that projects or missions are identified only as short-term objective that contribute to the long-term goals and vision of entities. A system defined to serve shortterm goals may soon become incapable of meeting the emergent needs. Even with accurate estimation of potential change, external intervention cannot be avoided due to dependence of knowledge, authority and resource capability required to realize the goals. The dynamism exhibited by relevant entities, results in continuous change of needs resulting in constantly changing requirements. With increasing amount of complex interdependence and dynamic behavior of relevant entities, the task of information management has become difficult. From the scale of effort required to address the complex interdependence, it is realized that information management cannot be carried out with systems created and managed by individuals and organizations in isolation. Also, from the dynamic behavior and evolution exhibited by relevant entities, it is realized that underlying systems must also undergo change at similar rates. In summary, a paradigm shift is required in information management strategy and information should be made available as critical infrastructure service. This thesis argues that information management should be based on the goals of the involved individuals instead of the conventional activity-oriented approaches. The required approach not only should support the goal-specific information, but also allow identification of newer goals with emerging trends in the system. Information need of individuals and organizations is vi uniquely identified in the form of situations. The state of having access to relevant information is defined as situation awareness capability. The situation awareness approach proposed for information management strategy identifies role of individuals in producing and consuming information. It is based on the realization that, no one can have the global picture of the situation, but can play a role in building the rich picture of situation by contributing the part of the situation known. The resulting coordinated effort allows realization of situation awareness capability to the contributors. In order to support the argument, the situation theory and semantics is accepted as base. It is stated that small coordinated assertions regarding situations can be integrated to prepare a rich representation of the world. Qualitative and quantitative estimate of information needs are identified based on the commitment towards goals. Three problems are identified in identification of information needs of individuals and organizations. The implied goal-matching problem relates to the challenge of identification and handling of goals that are not explicitly expressed. The transient system element problem indicates the challenges of numerous short-lived entities that are relevant to the information needs. The third problem is regarding identification of the event space, a set of all possible events that are possible in given scenario. As a solution to this problem, a conceptual modeling strategy followed by information processing strategy is proposed. The proposal utilizes the rich representation created with conceptual modeling process in meeting the information needs. It is established that scale and scope of work involved in conceptual modeling and information processing requires large-scale collaboration from various stakeholders. For consistency of collaborative effort, appropriate method content is provided. Reuse and traceability of work products are encouraged with unique situation awareness artifacts furnishing information about task and availability of reusable outcomes and other related information. The proposed information management facility is prescribed as a critical infrastructure service required in achieving the large-scale collaboration. Appropriate system architecture is introduced to facilitate realization of required domain specific middleware services.
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    ItemOpen Access
    Use of collaborative filtering for targeted advertising
    (Dhirubhai Ambani Institute of Information and Communication Technology, 2008) Upadhyay, Ankur; Jotwani, Naresh D.
    Often in our daily life, we come across situations when we have many options available and are expected to choose one of them. May it be a bookstore, CD shop or a shopping store, even on the internet, the availability of so many genres and a wide variety among every genre poses difficulty in selection of the item. Recommender systems have been providing suggestions but they are not able to provide us options when we are walking through the aisles of a bookstore or a CD shop. Ideally, recommendations should be made available to the customer without giving explicit command. To provide ease while walking down for shopping in selecting the items based on the item chosen by the customer, the topic focuses on deriving a general model for recommending a product that might save customers money and time along with fulfilling the need. Selection of the product to be advertised by the model is a dynamic decision as it depends on the products kept in the basket. Bayesian approach is used to find the dependencies between items which implements Collaborative filtering and provides real time recommendations on the basis of preferences of earlier customers. The model uses Clustering to limit the complexity of the model that will be built and to aggregate similar items, by grouping customers those who bought items of similar genre. The assumption made is that the selection of the customer is made known to the model in order to process it, to give recommendations; and the recommendations are made known to customers using suitable advertising mechanism.