M Sc ICT (ARD) Project Report
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Item Metadata only Study of various information and services provided by different service providers in the agriculture domain(Dhirubhai Ambani Institute of Information and Communication Technology, 2011) Vardia, Kotish; Chaudhary, Sanjay; Reddy, P.V.This study titled “Study of various Information and Services provided by Different Service Providers in the Agriculture domain” was done under organization Rallis India ltd. Rallis has been in regular contact of farmers. It felt that farmers are in need of technical information from time to time. If some service can be provided by Rallis end to help farmers to increase their income. This will eventually help Rallis in having a satisfied customer base. This study was conducted to know about some of prominent information and service provider in market. Three information and service providers were chosen in study viz. Reuters Market Light, IFFCO Kisan Sanchar Limited, mana Gromer Retail Outlets. The study looks for details like information provided by services provider, cost of service, duration of usage, satisfaction level of users and further improvements required in service. A structured questionnaire was prepared to take responses from subscribed farmers. Besides this information requirements and medium for information transfer views were also taken from subscribed and unsubscribed farmers. Reuters Market Light has been working in 13 states of India. They are providing information related to weather forecast, market prices and some general agriculture information’s and research innovations. The farmers interviewed were using service since duration from 1 month to 2 years. Overall 90 percent of farmers were satisfied with service and had no literacy related issue with SMS. SMS were sent in regional languages. Farmers required improvements in service like more markets be included in service, more precise weather forecast and general agriculture information should be included. IFFCO Kisan Sanchar Limited (ISKL), collaboration between IFFCO and Airtel has developed Green Sim card for farmers. These Sim cards receive five free voice cells related to agriculture everyday as value added service. The active base of this service was found to be low. Farmer switch over to other subscribers after using talk time of sim cards and this service is limited only for Green Sim cards customers. 50 percent of surveyed active user farmers were not satisfied with service. Calls were not properly scheduled and once calls not received, information is lost for that day. Call retrieval and helpline is also provided by IKSL, but farmers are not aware about the facility. Mana Gromer Retail outlets was started by Coromandal Fertilizers to supply agriculture inputs at one place. Coromandal fertilizers have done collaboration with other inputs company to sell their produce from the outlets. Farmers’ subscriptions were done to provide services. These services include fertilizers at fixed prices, concession on inputs except fertilizers, free soil testing, accidental insurance and optional life insurance. Farmers were more interested to get fertilizers at fixed prices rather than other services. Fertilizers purchase was clubbed with pesticides sale resulting in additional burden on farmers. Soil test reports were not received by farmers. Farmers were not much satisfied with service due to faults in soil tests, insurances and limited service by outlets. Both subscribed and unsubscribed farmers were in need of information related to agriculture. Disease and pest information, weather information, market prices, fertilizer availability information, Government schemes and policies are some of the main information requirements among farmers. A precise customized information service requirement is felt among farmers. Views were taken from farmers about medium through which information could be provided to them. Various medium like SMS voice calls, field visit by experts, Helpline and SMS came out to be most favorable options by farmers. Rallis has already have crop advisors for field visits. There are information’s that can’t be even provided by crop advisors on a consistent basis. Crop advisors would not be able to interact with all farmers daily. So a helpline and SMS based advisory system is most likely to be useful for farmers. The information provided by this system, would be customized as per the requirements of farmers. The content will mainly consist of market prices, weather information, general agriculture information and government schemes. The market informationcan be taken from some organization on a regular basis. Weather information can be made available from collaboration with ISRO or Indian Meteorological Department. General agriculture information can be prepared by Rallis itself. These all content information can be sent to farmers via SMS gateways or GSM modems. This information can be provided to farmers as subscriptions schemes. Overall this service would be able to fill the gape of information among farmers. This service can also be a profitable business venture to join the agriculture services domain of Rallis.Item Metadata only Market research for mango crop and multimedia information system on integrated pest and nutrient management(Dhirubhai Ambani Institute of Information and Communication Technology, 2011) Sabhaya, Sandip; Chaudhary, Sanjay; Jain, VikashBanana crop is one of the major crop in Gujarat as per productivity concern Gujarat comes 2nd in India. Vadodara, Anand, Kheda, Narmada, Bharuch, Surat, Valasad, Bhavnagar, Junagadh are Banana growing district in Gujarat. Banana production for export relies on only a few varieties, which were selected for their high yields, durability in long distance transport, consistent quality and unblemished appearance. Today’s scenario due to Good quality of Banana in Gujarat a lots of foreign traders comes for imports banana from the Gujarat. Consumption of Fertilizer is huge in Banana and its make productivity. Diseases and pest occurrence is less in Banana. Pesticides help to reduce crop losses by controlling diseases and insects and thereby increase revenue for farmers. Plant needs 16 elements for batter growth and developments. Plant take C, H, O, from the air and soil and NPK from the basic fertilizer like Urea, DAP, MOP etc. but still Micronutrients like Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Bo, Al, Mo etc. Need for batter developments and yield. Two sampling methods were followed e.g. purposive sampling and snow ball sampling. Farmers were interviewed in the two districts where the different molecule for banana was used. All distributors and selected dealers who liquidate different molecule for banana were interviewed to know the market position of Rallis and which molecules and companies are dominant in market and how much farmers are spending for fungicide, pesticide and plan growth nutrients per acre to market under market potential. To find out market potential: total banana cultivated area multiply with average expenses of input application. Bayer has strong business in fungicide due to efficient dealers and distributors in Narmada district. Leading producer of carbandazime i.e. BASF captures maximum area (around 20%) for it business equivalent to syngenta in narmada district. While in vadodara district it covers area about 43% because of following three products; propaconazole, diphinoconazole, coperoxycloride. Carbofuran 3G and Phorate 10G are common molecule for controlling Nematode. 70% farmers are using Carbofuran 3G for controlling Nematode. Carbofuran 3G is concern FMC, Tata rallis are Major Player than after Annu and local companies are playing emerging roll. Area like chain in vadodara district most of farmers are using phorate 10G for nematode control. Some farmers of vadodara district are using biological practices (Neem granule) for nematode control. Banana crop is water loving crop for weed control farmers are use to spray Glyphosate 41% because of its is systemic herbicidecide it kills weed from the root and in area like chain farmers are use to spay parquet dichloride 24% because of it is contect fungicide it gives quick results but 60-70% farmers are using Glyphosate 41% for weed control and companies like Monsanto, Excel are major player because of monsento was initiator of glyphosate 41% that is why farmer uses its product more and Syngenta is well known for parquet dichloride 24%. Complex fertilizer like 12:61:0, 13:0:45, 19:19:19 are common molecule and Ranade, Subhlabh and Nagarjuna are major player. Companies like Orchem, Areis are playing major roll for micro nutrients. Orchem is doing very different way of marketing. They are direct consulting to farmers and selling them and also those who farmer are purchase orchem micronutrients they provide consultancy free of charge throughout crop life. Straight fertilizer like Calcium nitrates, Zink sulphate boron are most used molecules. Day by day boron application is increasing because boron reduces fruit cracking problem at the time when farmers want to gain good weight of banana bunch. Lokmangal, subhlabh and Nagarjuna are major player. For Tata rallis PGN sector is virgin sector for banana crop. Know the farmer’s Buying behavior, different question asked to the farmers. First question was Trend of Application of Agricultural Input. Farmer’s first preference 60 and 70 percent of farmers prefer to apply chemicals before introduction of disease because disease like sigatoka needs control as curative measure (application of fungicide before disease occurrence) and for second Preference 57 and 60 percentage of farmer believe on dealer followed by third see in neighbor field in both Vadodara and Narmada district. Second question was Reasons influencing purchasing decision. Farmer’s first Preference 43 and 46 percent farmers prefer farmers meeting as a best promotional activity than after for second choice individual visit followed by opinion leaders Demonstration and opinion leaders comes. Fourth question was campaigning best for new product launch. Farmer’s first Preference 45 and 47 percent farmers meeting followed by Video show and jeep campaigning as best activity to launch any product as per farmers views in Vadodara and Narmada district. As per analysis and my interaction with farmers I seen average farmers are spending 800 -1100 Rs /acre for controlling disease (sigatoka and collar rot), average Farmer are spending 900-1500 Rs /acre for controlling nematode and as per PGN concern farmer are spending 1500-3500 Rs /acre. Twelve districts are major Banana growing district og Gujarat and the rest right districts are new emerging area of banana majority area under drip irrigation. Banana crop is very profitable crop now days because from the last three years Banana price hick from the average 90 to 160 due export. Approximately Farmers can get RS 1.5 lacks from the one acre and total cost for one acre (including input and Labor cost) is nearly 35thousand. Farmers are not hesitating to buy a costly product for banana farming they just wants result. So for sigatoka control rallis product like argon has good chance to penetrate in market. Because Argon is costly product but it is more effective. After preparing the best recommendation of cultural practices for Banana crop. Macromedia Flash (software) player for e-extension. Through this service farmer can get knowledge himself. It is very handy to use, Even this system we can put online also, so farmers and dealers can excess. It is audio-visual and in local Language, it took hardly 14Mb. So in future we can prepare this system for all crop in all languages and burn it on 1 CD of 700 MB, it’s very cost effective and innovative way of extension because day by day computers and electronic use are increasing rapidly.Item Metadata only Prepare a roadmap for RKK Prerna and Rallis advisory centre development(Dhirubhai Ambani Institute of Information and Communication Technology, 2011) Uthup, Ryan; Chaudhary, Sanjay; Reddy, P.V.Rallis has introduced a concept called “Rallis Kisan Kutumba (RKK)”, wherein farmers are enrolled with Rallis and they are supported to achieve better yields from their farmland. RKK also leverages the advancement in information and other technologies. Many activities have been initiated or in the process to enhance farm level yield through proper education and training to farmers. Some of the activities under the RKK concept are “Prerna visits” and “Rallis Advisory Centre”. RKK Prerna Farmers will only believe, if they see the results with their own eyes or hear about it from some friends or some progressive farmer he knows. So Rallis have come up with a concept in which there will be a combination of both “Seeing is believing” and the “Word of mouth”. We call this “RKK PRERNA – A FARMER EXPERIENCE SHARING PROGRAMME.” RKK-Prerna is basically taking a few important farmers of one specific crop segment from an area where potential exists for a particular product to another area of same crop segment where the product benefits are already experienced. This experience sharing can be organized between two groups of farmers within Region/ Zone or across Zones. Rallis Advisory centre Lack of information and knowledge is a major barrier in improving the productivity of crops. Rallis advisory Centre is a medium through which this information barriers could be reduced and the farming community could be served through proper knowledge dissemination and services.Item Metadata only Evaluation of Mid-Day Meal (MDM) scheme in Western region in Gujarat(Dhirubhai Ambani Institute of Information and Communication Technology, 2011) Nirala, Hariom; Hiremath, B. N.; Sinha, VikashHunger and nutritional status adversely impacts learning process of children. It contributes to increased dropout rates. It is collective impact is reflected in human development index. It is in this backdrop that Government of Gujarat (GoG) had introduced Mid Day Meal scheme. The considerable portion of children studying in primary education come from low socio-economic society and suffer economic hardship, as a result they drop out from schools at early age, which hampers their overall development Poor enrolment and high dropout rate are the result of poverty of parents, child labor prevalent in the society and lack of awareness. In the event of the funds not reaching on time, the Sanchalak or the teachers as the case may be have to pay from their own pockets. Usually this has been the most vocal complaint from the sanchalak and the teachers. Most principals suggested that they be relieved from this arrangement. Arrangement of water is a tremendous problem in some talukas the water has fluorine content which is causing a lot of physical harm to the children. In banaskatha the source of water is often far away from the school. So the supply is quite rationed. Arrangenenr of fuel is also problematic since the allocationis quite less, the cooks are asked to collect fuel on their own. There was one school in which roti saag was not being prepared for some time because of the lack of fuel. Infrastructure is also a problem. There are no pucca kitchens in place where the Mid Day Meal is cooked within the school premises, it distracts the students’ attention Also there is no provision for plates in the school. The children get them from their homes and where they do not they tear paper from their textbooks and notebooks also. The collateral benefits of MDM were expected to reduce burden of poverty on poor parents and caste discrimination in the society GoG started MDM scheme in 1984 this study has been commissioned to assess the situation and take corrective measures for improvements.Item Metadata only Video documentation of success story of watershed development project, Gujarat(Dhirubhai Ambani Institute of Information and Communication Technology, 2011) Abhay Kumar; Prasad, Manoj Kumar; Sharan, Girja; Menon, Binoy; Rout, SuvenduWatershed development programme is a flagship programme started by Government of India to increase the crop production by arresting soil erosion and ensure irrigation facility to farmers. In Gujarat, Ministry of Rural Development had started DDP, IWDP and DPAP in all districts of the state to increase crops production. Under the programme the main focus were given for providing irrigation by arresting run off with checkdam and ensuring irrigation faculty to farmers. This programme has brought changes on the economic status of he farmers and their quality of life as income from agriculture has increased. Before the programme farmers were taking just one crop in a year but now due to the watershed programme farmers taking two crops in a year without fall. For the present study four villages were taken viz Gandhigramme. Anadara and Vasiaya in the districts Kutch, bharuch, Rajjot and Vadodara respectively. It has been observed that the productivity of crops has increased for animals. Due to the watershed programme the employment opportunity has doubled. Indeed the programme has achieved the objectives for what it meant for. By collating the information about the impact of the programme, a video documentary on the success story was envisaged.Item Metadata only Study of market positioning and market potential of Bollgard cotton seed in Gujarat(Dhirubhai Ambani Institute of Information and Communication Technology, 2011) Prabhakar, Prabudh Kishor; Ahuja, Nishant; Parikh, AlkaItem Metadata only Review of literature study on information and communication technology initiatives in Indian agriculture(Dhirubhai Ambani Institute of Information and Communication Technology, 2011) Sahu, Anil Kumar; Sharan, Girja; Jhunjhunwala, Ashok; Prasant, Suma; Ganesan, M.Information and Communication technologies (ICTs) play a vital role in communicating scientific and sustainable farming practices to the farming community in time. In order to analyze and synthesize the research findings on the impact of ICT on the framers, it was determined to collect and review the literature on the existing published results from various sources. The literature review has been designed with the following objectives; to understand the existing ICT efforts in the Indian agriculture scenario; to analyze agriculture advisor information such as cultivation practices /marketing/Government programmes / inputs availability/ others etc; to identify ICT based training for farmers; to review the challenges in implementing ICT initiatives; to analyze issues related to sustainability of ICT efforts in agriculture. Each objective was thoroughly discussed from the result of the paper published. The literature review process was targeted particularly on the impact of ICTs in Indian agriculture. The researcher have collected around 334 papers of which about 150 papers were selected and reviewed in depth suitable research was from internet source as well as electronic journals and websites. At the end, the collected literatures were arranged, explained and summarized according to objective designed. From the literature study it was found that there were 64 ICTs initiatives being implemented in India. Following are the ICT tools/media with number of projects; mobile phone/telephone based (16); SMS based (10);Interactive Voice Response system (IVRS) based (11); radio dial-up and broadcasts (1); Air Radio based (1); communit FM radio based (3); video-conferencing (4); web based (51); multimedia based (19); televison based (20; online video channel based (1); print media based (30; phone base information portal (1) and PDA based (1). The researcher summarized the best one or in some case two ICT projects from each category which has mentioned above. The best ICT projects have been selected on the basis of current studies, award winning and latest innovation Interestingly, it was observed most of the ICT projects being implemented in Tamil Nadu (17) followed by Andhra Pradesh (14), Karnataka (14), Maharashtra (12), Uttar Pradesh (12), Madhya Pradesh (11), Panjab (11), Haryana (10). These projects have come up with the effort of private companies, government, cooperatives, academic institutions and NGOs. With regard to agriculture information, these projects are giving following information: weather data, market price, agri-inputs, pest and disease management, soil testing, cultivation practices, fertilizer scheduling and recommendations, agri-credits, e-agri-trading, crop insurance, cold storage availability, agriculture contents, irrigation techniques, bio-fertilizers, vermi-compost, agri-news, animal husbandary, crops tips, farm machinery, pre-and post-harvest etc. The generic information is also giving such as microfinance, health, life insurance, education, Govt. schemes, e-Governance etc. Apart from agriculture advisory, farmers are also being trained by using suitable ICT tools/media such as multimedia; web based systems and radio dial-up and broadcast. There are various socio-technical challenged has been incurred during implementation of the ICT project. The common challenges were frequent power cut, low bandwidth, poor dial-up connection, poor telephone connectivity, illiteracy and hesitation of farmers, lack of familiarity with computer/OS. In addition to web, multimedia, radio, TV etc. mobile phone is having the number of facilities and options and that would be great scope of innovations. Therefore several ICT projects are now incorporating mobile phone as one of the ICT tools/media. Intervention of GPS, GPRS, IVRS, GIS, Remote Sensing and wireless network technology have created lot of scope to innovate with unique solution for problems existing in Indian agriculture.Item Metadata only Evaluation of Mid-Day Meal (MDM) scheme in Junagadh region of Gujarat(Dhirubhai Ambani Institute of Information and Communication Technology, 2011) Shyam, Wanjari Kunal; Sinha, Vikash; Hiremath, B. N.Hunger and nutritional status adversely impacts learning process of children. It contributes to increased dropout rates. Its collective impact is reflected in human development index. It is in this backdrop that Government of Gujarat had introduced MDM aimed to achieve an increase in enrolment rate and reduce dropout rates. The benefits of MDM were expected to reduce burden of poverty on poor parents and caste discrimination in the society. GoG started MDM scheme in 1984. This study is undertaken to assess the situation and take corrective measures for improvements. The objective / scope of this study is to assess effectiveness of MDM scheme in the context of impact indicators like student enrolment, dropout and attendance. The study covers critical components of MDM that include regularity, quality, physical infrastructure, hygiene, comparative analysis of rural v/s urban centres, stakeholder participation and favorable and unfavorable factors affecting the above components. The methodology includes review of relevant and available documents for secondary information, field visits to collect primary data from a wide range of stakeholders at various levels. The stakeholders include relevant government officials, school principal, teachers, parents, sanchalaks and head cooks and also members of Mother Teacher Association (MTA). The sample-size was 106 centres (at the rate of 20 percent of total centres) spread over 4 talukas in Junagadh district of Western Gujarat. The total sample size of respondents was 2014. structured questionnaires and FGD were used to capture required information. The data collected was found for interpretation which resulted in certain major findings as discussed below: Students belonging to poor and disadvantaged socio-economic households take MDM regularity. It was also noticed that some children also brought their tiffin and ate it with MDM. Some students residing in nearby school preferred to take MDM to their homes. Students and parents realized the importance of education, which is reflected by the fact that 94 percent of the students go to school irrespective of MDM and 96 percent of parents confessed that they will continue to send their children to school even if MDM is withdrawn. It is found that there are about 91 percent of schools meeting the norm of at least 200 MDM days in a year. It is observed that 82 percent of school has MDM days in the range of 200 to 210 days. Similarity, there were 211-220 number of MDM days served in around 16 percent of schools surveyed. Although the MDM scheme is being incomplete in the study area effectively, however, some areas of improvement have been identified like infrastructure, hygiene, and storage, quality of grains and satisfaction of level of beneficiaries. Details can be found in relevant section. There were 47 schools in Junagadh district having stock for less than 1 week, out of which 27 schools were having inadequate stocks and 20 schools were having sufficient stocks. Number of schools having stock for 1-2 weeks were 35, with 30 schools having sufficient stock and 5 schools having inadequate stock. Similarity schools having stocks for 2-4 weeks were 17, with 15 schools having inadequate stock and 2 schools with sufficient stock. It was observed that about 30 percent of schools surveyed had the sanchalaks keeping stock at home, despite having the storage facility at the centre. There were also some schools where MDM was cooked at sanchalak’s home despite having kitchen shed facility. Comparison of urban and rural MDM profile was undertaken in the context of percentage of beneficiaries with respect to total enrolments. Increase in enrolment rate, quantity served, food taste, storage system and disruption in regularity of MDM. The urban centres fared better on enrolment rates, storage system and disruption in MDM regularity. Taking into account the successful management of MDM at the grass roots by NGOs it is recommended to scale up the model under MDM scheme. Partnership with women SHG and Sakhi Mandals can also be considered for MDM. Principals, teachers and particularly MTA should be sensitized to play proactive role to ensure effective and transparent implementation of MDM through community-based monitoring mechanism. In order to overcome the issue of delayed payment to cooks, the school management may frame a process of bill submission and verification online through its website.Item Metadata only Market research for banana crop and development of multimedia system on package of practices for banana cultivating farmers(Dhirubhai Ambani Institute of Information and Communication Technology, 2011) Patel, Roshan B.; Jain, Vikash; Chaudhary, SanjayBanana crop is one of the major crop in Gujarat as per productivity concern Gujarat comes 2nd in India. Vadodara, Anand, Kheda, Narmada, Bharuch, Surat, Valasad, Bhavnagar, Junagadh are Banana growing district in Gujarat. Banana production for export relies on only a few varieties, which were selected for their high yields, durability in long distance transport, consistent quality and unblemished appearance. Today’s scenario due to Good quality of Banana in Gujarat a lots of foreign traders comes for imports banana from the Gujarat. Consumption of Fertilizer is huge in Banana and its make productivity. Diseases and pest occurrence is less in Banana. Pesticides help to reduce crop losses by controlling diseases and insects and thereby increase revenue for farmers. Plant needs 16 elements for batter growth and developments. Plant take C, H, O, from the air and soil and NPK from the basic fertilizer like Urea, DAP, MOP etc. but still Micronutrients like Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Bo, Al, Mo etc. Need for batter developments and yield. Two sampling methods were followed e.g. purposive sampling and snow ball sampling. Farmers were interviewed in the two districts where the different molecule for banana was used. All distributors and selected dealers who liquidate different molecule for banana were interviewed to know the market position of Rallis and which molecules and companies are dominant in market and how much farmers are spending for fungicide, pesticide and plan growth nutrients per acre to market under market potential. To find out market potential: total banana cultivated area multiply with average expenses of input application. Bayer has strong business in fungicide due to efficient dealers and distributors in Narmada district. Leading producer of carbandazime i.e. BASF captures maximum area (around 20%) for it business equivalent to syngenta in narmada district. While in vadodara district it covers area about 43% because of following three products; propaconazole, diphinoconazole, coperoxycloride. Carbofuran 3G and Phorate 10G are common molecule for controlling Nematode. 70% farmers are using Carbofuran 3G for controlling Nematode. Carbofuran 3G is concern FMC, Tata rallis are Major Player than after Annu and local companies are playing emerging roll. Area like chain in vadodara district most of farmers are using phorate 10G for nematode control. Some farmers of vadodara district are using biological practices (Neem granule) for nematode control. Banana crop is water loving crop for weed control farmers are use to spray Glyphosate 41% because of its is systemic herbicidecide it kills weed from the root and in area like chain farmers are use to spay parquet dichloride 24% because of it is contect fungicide it gives quick results but 60-70% farmers are using Glyphosate 41% for weed control and companies like Monsanto, Excel are major player because of monsento was initiator of glyphosate 41% that is why farmer uses its product more and Syngenta is well known for parquet dichloride 24%. Complex fertilizer like 12:61:0, 13:0:45, 19:19:19 are common molecule and Ranade, Subhlabh and Nagarjuna are major player. Companies like Orchem, Areis are playing major roll for micro nutrients. Orchem is doing very different way of marketing. They are direct consulting to farmers and selling them and also those who farmer are purchase orchem micronutrients they provide consultancy free of charge throughout crop life. Straight fertilizer like Calcium nitrates, Zink sulphate boron are most used molecules. Day by day boron application is increasing because boron reduces fruit cracking problem at the time when farmers want to gain good weight of banana bunch. Lokmangal, subhlabh and Nagarjuna are major player. For Tata rallis PGN sector is virgin sector for banana crop. Know the farmer’s Buying behavior, different question asked to the farmers. First question was Trend of Application of Agricultural Input. Farmer’s first preference 60 and 70 percent of farmers prefer to apply chemicals before introduction of disease because disease like sigatoka needs control as curative measure (application of fungicide before disease occurrence) and for second Preference 57 and 60 percentage of farmer believe on dealer followed by third see in neighbor field in both Vadodara and Narmada district. Second question was Reasons influencing purchasing decision. Farmer’s first Preference 43 and 46 percent farmers prefer farmers meeting as a best promotional activity than after for second choice individual visit followed by opinion leaders Demonstration and opinion leaders comes. Fourth question was campaigning best for new product launch. Farmer’s first Preference 45 and 47 percent farmers meeting followed by Video show and jeep campaigning as best activity to launch any product as per farmers views in Vadodara and Narmada district. As per analysis and my interaction with farmers I seen average farmers are spending 800 -1100 Rs /acre for controlling disease (sigatoka and collar rot), average Farmer are spending 900-1500 Rs /acre for controlling nematode and as per PGN concern farmer are spending 1500-3500 Rs /acre. Twelve districts are major Banana growing district og Gujarat and the rest right districts are new emerging area of banana majority area under drip irrigation. Banana crop is very profitable crop now days because from the last three years Banana price hick from the average 90 to 160 due export. Approximately Farmers can get RS 1.5 lacks from the one acre and total cost for one acre (including input and Labor cost) is nearly 35thousand. Farmers are not hesitating to buy a costly product for banana farming they just wants result. So for sigatoka control rallis product like argon has good chance to penetrate in market. Because Argon is costly product but it is more effective. After preparing the best recommendation of cultural practices for Banana crop. Macromedia Flash (software) player for e-extension. Through this service farmer can get knowledge himself. It is very handy to use, Even this system we can put online also, so farmers and dealers can excess. It is audio-visual and in local Language, it took hardly 14Mb. So in future we can prepare this system for all crop in all languages and burn it on 1 CD of 700 MB, it’s very cost effective and innovative way of extension because day by day computers and electronic use are increasing rapidly.Item Metadata only Comparative study of single date (LISS-III) and multi-date (AWiFS) satellite data for pre-harvest wheat crop production forecasting of Vidisha district, Madhya Pradesh, India(Dhirubhai Ambani Institute of Information and Communication Technology, 2011) Thakar, Kashyap; Sharma, Rajesh; Ghosh, RanenduThe study was aimed to learn the techniques for crop production forecasting, using single date LISS-III data and multi date A WiFS data for Vidisha District, Madhya Pradesh, India. The techniques in complete enumeration approach for single date LISS-III is based on supervised classification of multi-date dataset by unsupervised Iterative Self Organizing Data Analysis Technique (ISODATA), labeling of classes based on temporal spectral profiles of wheat, mustard and other competing crops, discrimination of non crop classes by decision rule classifier and decision rule based integration of final classified image. This hybrid classification technique takes advantage of inherent clustering tendency of land use / land cover classes in feature space with temporal dimension added to it in terms of NDVI time series data and it also makes use of signatures of known crop classes for labeling the clusters. A common approach of sample segment includes random stratification of study area, extraction of strata, training site generation followed by supervised classification. Comparative analysis of two types of approaches shows the estimated acreage 194.1 (000’ ha) by complete enumeration approach and 198.1 (000’ ha) from sample segment approach. The acreage estimates using sample segment approach is 1.89 percent more as compared to complete enumeration acreage estimates for LISS-III data. Using A WiFS data the acreage estimates is 203.7 (000’ ha) in the complete enumeration approach and 206.89 (000’ ha) in sample segment approach. Here also it is found that the estimates using sample segment approach is 1.56 percent more as compared to complete enumeration. This comparison shows that the results estimated through sample segment as well as complete enumeration are not having significant difference. Comparing the acreage estimation result of A WiFS data shows 4.77 percent over estimation than LISS–III data. Comparing sample segment approaches results of both sensors; it is found that A WiFS results shows 4.43 percent over estimation than LIS-III results. This comparison shows that higher resolution sensor satellite data have more accuracy than low resolution sensor satellite data because in low resolution possibilities of mixed pixels are more than high resolution data. Yield prediction has been done using the time series analysis. The historical crop statistics have been regressed with time to predict wheat crop yield for the season 2010-11 and R2 was found to be 0.67. Predicted yield using trend model is 1773 kg / ha for Vidisha district. Production was also estimated using Acreage and yield estimates.